William F. Enneking, MD
Richard Rathe, MD
Gene Cornwall, MEd
Additional Content
Mark T. Scarborough, MD
Robert G. Vander Griend, MD
Image production: Charles Poulton
Archivist: Katie Cooper
Archive database: Tim Garren
Grant Support
Bristol-Myers/Squibb, Inc.
The Hughston Sports Medicine Foundation, Inc.
University of Florida Orthopaedic Alumni, Inc.
The 1998 release of Clinical Musculoskeletal Pathology by William F. Enneking, MD is now available on CD-ROM from the University of Florida Orthopaedic Alumni Association. Please direct inquires to Katie Cooper at 352-392-8720 or 352-392-7868 (Fax).
The program you are using represents the work of many people over many years. The teaching collection on which it is based consists of over 100,000 individual items and 2200 patient cases. These materials were collected over a period of 40 years by William Enneking, MD, Emeritus Professor of Orthopedic Surgery at the University of Florida. Dr. Enneking has selected over 22,000 items from his collection to be included in an archive of digital images, which served as the basis for development of this teaching program.
The current version of musculoskeletal pathology contains 16 chapters with over 120 disease synopses, 1000 example cases, and 800 self-evaluation questions. The program is structured so that it can be used for several different types of study:
The program was originally developed using HyperCard and a laserdisc system for image retrieval. To expedite the authoring process, we devised a database system capable of controlling a laserdisc player containing the entire image archive. We also developed an inter-application communication protocol that allowed Dr. Enneking to "jump out" of the authoring environment and peruse the database to find appropriate images.
Once the original Hypercard program was nearly complete, we devised an automated method for transferring the information into HTML pages. By converting the program to Internet standards, we are able to make it available on almost any personal computer via CD-ROM, Local Area Network, or the World Wide Web.
This Program is the natural outgrowth of the seminars on Musculoskeletal Pathology conducted annually by the Orthopaedic Study Center within the Department of Orthopaedics at the University of Florida Health Sciences Center.
The first ten-day seminar was held in the spring of 1963 for eight residents in the basement of the basic science building on the campus at Gainesville. As the numbers of participants grew, study sets of histologic, radiographic and clinical materials were developed, maintained and utilized in the Study Center established in 1970 by the University of Florida Orthopaedic Alumni Association in memory of the Rev. Thaxton Springfield. The seminars emphasized hands-on microscopic study of the gamut of musculoskeletal diseases and their correlations with clinical and radiographic data.
In 1973 a bound syllabus entitled "Clinical Musculoskeletal Pathology" was produced to augment the study materials. The syllabus was revised on four occasions during the 1980's and second and third editions published by the University of Florida Press in 1985 and 1990. During this period of time the site of the seminars was shifted from the bustling Health Sciences Center in Gainesville to the University conference center at the Whitney Marine Research Laboratories located at Marineland, Florida on the Atlantic Coast just south of the nations oldest city, St. Augustine. In 1982 a fall seminar was added to accommodate the growing number of applicants while preserving the close interpersonal relationships between participants and faculty.
Since inception more than three thousand orthopaedic surgeons have participated in the seminars including eight second generation physicians - offspring of parental participants. In addition seminars have been conducted on a biannual basis in South America, Australia and Europe utilizing the materials developed at the Study Center.
In 1989 supported by generous grants from the Bristol Myers/Squibb Inc., The Hughston Sports Medicine Foundation and the University of Florida Orthopaedic Association, in cooperation with the newly established Medical Informatics Center within the Health Sciences Center, a program to archive the educational materials in the Study Center was started. When completed the archive contains the data and images of over nine thousand cases stored on computers and optical discs. From this archive approximately two thousand cases with over twenty thousand images were utilized in the format of the seminars to produce the initial self-study program.
The original laserdisc based course consists of three programs that cover the field of musculoskeletal pathology. These programs may be used by the undergraduate student as an independent study course or by the experienced physician as a reference work. The archive consists of a database of 18,000 images from 1,600 cases. The Undergraduate Program is divided into 18 components embracing the breadth of musculoskeletal pathology. Each component (resembling a book chapter) presents a group of related subjects with an emphasis on correlating pathophysiology, clinical diagnosis and treatment. The Postgraduate Program is presented in the same format as the Undergraduate program, but the material is discussed in greater depth and includes subjects not found in the Undergraduate program. The Complete Subject Index provides rapid access to all material presented in both the Undergraduate and Graduate programs plus additional subjects.
In 1998 the textual materials, representing the newly edited syllabus with the equivalent of three thousand printed pages and ten thousand color images were transferred into HTML to create a World Wide Web and CD-ROM instructional course in Musculoskeletal Pathology.
Dr. Enneking is the Eugene L. Jewett Professor Distinguished Service Professor Department of Orthopaedics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Dr. Rathe is an Associate Professor of Family Medicine, Associate Dean for Information Technology and Director of Medical Informatics at the University of Florida. He received his Informatics training as a National Library of Medicine Fellow at the Harvard School of Public Health. He has designed and coauthored several computer-assisted teaching packages. Dr. Rathe is a graduate of the University of Minnesota Medical School.
Gene Cornwall received his degree in instructional technology from Utah State. He developed several interactive videodisc programs in orthopedics for the Hughston Clinic in Columbus, GA before joining the College in the spring of 1991.