• "This language was not the peculiar, anachronistic speech of guildsmen mired in economic stagnation. Midwives,surgeons, physicians, the Collegium medicum, and theducal privy council all spoke of quacks in ways that underscored their temerity in 'disturbing' or 'undercutting' the livlihood of others."
• "Quacks were poachers; they violated the domains of licit practitioners, they ate away at others' livlihoods, and offended economic proprities. Thus respectable society condemned them in economic, social, and moral terms."

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